Kemerdekaan mengeluarkan pendapat

 

Pengertian Kemerdekaan Mengemukakan Pendapat

Kemerdekaan mengemukakan pendapat merupakan hak warga negara baik secara lisan maupun tulisan sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangayang berlaku.
Kebebasan yang dianut bangsa Indonesia sesuai dengan pancasila adalah kebebasan yang bertanggung jawab bukan dalam arti bebas sebebas-bebasnya. Kebebasan yang bertanggung jawab mempunyai pengertian sebagai berikut :

1.    Kebebasan yang memperhatikan batas-batas penghargaanorang lain.
2.    Kebebasan yang dibatasi oleh nilai-nilai dan norma-norma yang berlaku dalam masyarakat, bangsa,  dan negara.

Mengeluarkan pikiran secara bebas adalah mengeluarkan pendapat, pandangan, kehendak, atau perasaan yang bebas dari tekanan fisik, spikis atau pembatasan yang bertentangan dengan tujuan pengaturan tentang kemerdekaan menyampaikan pendapat di muka umum.
Setiap orang berhak untuk dapat menyampaikan pendapatnya secara bebas tanpa ada tekanan olehpihak lain.

Landasan Hukum kemerdekaan berpendapat di Indonesia

Pelaksanaan kemerdekaan berpendapat di Indonesia di landasi oleh aturan hukum yang berlaku, yaitu :
1.    Sila kekempat pancasila
2.    Alenia keempat pembukaan UUD 1945
3.    UUD
a.    Pasal 28
b.    Pasal 28E ayat (3)
4.    UU No. 9 tahun 1998
a.    Pasal 2 ayat (1)
b.    Pasal 2 ayat (2)
c.    Pasal 9 ayat (1)
d.    Pasal 9 ayat (2)
e.    Pasal 9 ayat (3)
5.    UU No. 9 tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia
a.    Pasal 14 ayat (1)
b.    Pasal 14 ayat (2)
c.    Pasal 23 ayat (3)
d.    Pasal 44
Tujuan

Tujuan kemerdekaan menyaimpaikan pendapat :

1.    Mewujudkan kebebasan yang bertanggung jawab sebagai salahsatu pelaksanaan hak asai manusia sesuai dengan pancasila dan UUD 1945
2.    Mewujudkan perlindugan hukum yang konsisten dan berkesinambungan dalam menjamin kemerdekaan menyampaikan pendapat
3.    Mewujudkan iklim yang kondusif bagi perkembngan partisipasi dan kreatifitas setiap warga negara sebagai wujud hak dan tanggung jawab dalam kehidupan berdemokrasi
4.    Menempatkan tanggung jawab sosial dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara tanpa mengabaikan kepentingan perseorangan atau kelompok.

Syarat-syarat mengemukakan pendapat

Syarat-syarat mengemukakan pendapat di muka umum yang benar dan bertanggung jawab adalah :
1.    Menyampaikan pendapat dengan kata yang sopan
2.    Tidak memotong pembicaraan orang lain
3.    Didasarkan pada akal sehat dan hati nurani yang luhur
4.    Berani menanggung resiko bila ada sanggahan dari pihak lain
5.    Jangan suka memaksakan kehendak (pendapat sendiri)
6.    Mengutamakan kepentingan bersama, bukan kepentingan pribadi
7.    Apabila saran/usulan/kritik tidak bisa diterima, maka harus berbesar hati untuk menerimanya
8.    Dapat melaksanakan hasil keputusan bersama secara jujur dan bertanggung jawab.

The Statue of Liberty

The Statue of Liberty National Monument officially celebrated her 100th birthday on October 28, 1986. The people of France gave the Statue to the people of the United States over one hundred years ago in recognition of the friendship established during the American Revolution. Over the years, the Statue of Liberty’s symbolism has grown to include freedom and democracy as well as this international friendship.

Sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi was commissioned to design a sculpture with the year 1876 in mind for completion, to commemorate the centennial of the American Declaration of Independence. The Statue was a joint effort between America and France and it was agreed upon that the American people were to build the pedestal, and the French people were responsible for the Statue and its assembly here in the United States. However, lack of funds was a problem on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. In France, public fees, various forms of entertainment, and a lottery were among the methods used to raise funds. In the United States, benefit theatrical events, art exhibitions, auctions and prize fights assisted in providing needed funds.

Meanwhile in France, Bartholdi required the assistance of an engineer to address structural issues associated with designing such a colossal copper sculpture. Alexandre Gustave Eiffel (designer of the Eiffel Tower) was commissioned to design the massive iron pylon and secondary skeletal framework which allows the Statue’s copper skin to move independently yet stand upright. Back in America, fund raising for the pedestal was going particularly slowly, so Joseph Pulitzer (noted for the Pulitzer Prize) opened up the editorial pages of his newspaper, “The World” to support the fund raising effort. Pulitzer used his newspaper to criticize both the rich who had failed to finance the pedestal construction and the middle class who were content to rely upon the wealthy to provide the funds. Pulitzer’s campaign of harsh criticism was successful in motivating the people of America to donate.

Financing for the pedestal was completed in August 1885, and pedestal construction was finished in April of 1886. The Statue was completed in France in July, 1884 and arrived in New York Harbor in June of 1885 on board the French frigate “Isere” which transported the Statue of Liberty from France to the United States. In transit, the Statue was reduced to 350 individual pieces and packed in 214 crates. The Statue was re-assembled on her new pedestal in four months time. On October 28th 1886, the dedication of the Statue of Liberty took place in front of thousands of spectators. She was a centennial gift ten years late.

The story of the Statue of Liberty and her island has been one of change. The Statue was placed upon a granite pedestal inside the courtyard of the star-shaped walls of Fort Wood (which had been completed for the War of 1812.) The United States Lighthouse Board had responsibility for the operation of the Statue of Liberty until 1901. After 1901, the care and operation of the Statue was placed under the War Department. A Presidential Proclamation declared Fort Wood (and the Statue of Liberty within it) a National Monument on October 15th, 1924 and the monument’s boundary was set at the outer edge of Fort Wood. In 1933, the care and administration of the National Monument was transferred to the National Park Service. On September 7, 1937, jurisdiction was enlarged to encompass all of Bedloe’s Island and in 1956, the island’s name was changed to Liberty Island. On May 11, 1965, Ellis Island was also transferred to the National Park Service and became part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument. In May of 1982, President Ronald Reagan appointed Lee Iacocca to head up a private sector effort to restore the Statue of Liberty. Fundraising began for the $87 million restoration under a public/private partnership between the National Park Service and The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc., to date the most successful public-private partnership in American history. In 1984, at the start of the Statue’s restoration, the United Nations designated the Statue of Liberty as a World Heritage Site. On July 5, 1986 the newly restored Statue re-opened to the public during Liberty Weekend, which celebrated her centennial.

The statue is situated in Upper New York Bay on Liberty Island, south of Ellis Island. Both islands were ceded by New York to the federal government in 1800. As agreed in an 1834 compact between New York and New Jersey that set the state border at the bay’s midpoint, the original islands remain New York territory despite their location on the New Jersey side of the state line. Land created by reclamation at Ellis is New Jersey territory.

Visitors intending to enter the statue’s base and pedestal must obtain a complimentary museum/pedestal ticket along with their ferry ticket. Those wishing to climb the staircase within the statue to the crown purchase a special ticket, which may be reserved up to a year in advance. A total of 240 people per day are permitted to ascend: ten per group, three groups per hour. Climbers may bring only medication and cameras—lockers are provided for other items—and must undergo a second security screening.

I want to go there because it is my dream its very strategic place , so the view there must be very beautiful.